Tag Archives: Technical Standards for Wooden Fire Doors

Technical Standards for Wooden Fire Doors – Global Compliance Guide

1. Core International Standards

Standard Region Key Requirements
EN 1634-1 EU Tests integrity (E) & insulation (I) for 30-240 mins
UL 10C USA 20-180 min fire endurance (ASTM E119 curve)
GB 12955 China Class A/B/C (90/60/30 min) with smoke control
BS 476-22 UK Fire resistance grading (30-240 mins)
JIS A 1511 Japan 30-60 min wooden fire doors

2. Material Specifications

A. Timber Requirements

  • Solid Core:

    • Minimum thickness: 45mm (30-min) to 55mm (60-min)

    • Density: ≥650kg/m³ (hardwoods like oak/mahogany)

  • Engineered Core:

    • Fire-retardant MDF/HDF (density ≥800kg/m³)

    • Intumescent interlayer (3-5mm graphite sheet)

B. Protective Treatments

  • Fire Retardants:

    • Borate-based (penetration depth ≥5mm)

    • Surface coating (Class 1 flame spread per ASTM E84)

  • Intumescent Seals:

    • Must expand 5-10x at 200-300°C (EN 1366-4)

3. Fire Test Performance

Rating Furnace Temp Max Unexposed Temp Hose Stream Test
30-min 840°C ≤140°C Required (UL 10C)
60-min 925°C ≤140°C Required
90-min 980°C ≤140°C Required

Failure Criteria:

  • Flames penetrating for >10 sec

  • Cotton pad ignition from hot gases

  • Structural collapse

4. Critical Construction Details

  • Joint Systems:

    • Tongue-and-groove with intumescent glue

    • No exposed end grains (charring protection)

  • Glazing (if used):

    • Ceramic glass (EI classification)

    • Minimum frame overlap: 15mm

  • Hardware:

    • Hinges: 3+ stainless steel (EN 1935 Grade 13)

    • Self-closers: EN 1154 compliant

5. Certification Process

  1. Sample Testing

    • 3 full-scale door samples tested

    • Includes cyclic pre-conditioning (50 open/close cycles)

  2. Factory Audit

    • QC checks on:

      • Moisture content (8-12%)

      • Coating thickness (≥0.5mm fire retardant)

  3. Labeling Requirements

    • Permanent metal tag showing:

      • Manufacturer

      • Test standard

      • Rating (e.g., “EI60”)

      • Production date

6. Maintenance Requirements

Component Inspection Frequency Action Threshold
Intumescent seals Quarterly <70% expansion capacity
Surface coating Annually Char depth >0.5mm
Door alignment Biannually Gap >3mm at any point

7. Cost Factors

  • Material (60%):

    • Solid hardwood vs. engineered core

    • Fire-retardant treatment type

  • Certification (25%):

    • Local vs. international approvals

  • Glazing (15%+):

    • Standard wired glass vs. ceramic

8. Leading Manufacturers

  • EU: Jeld-Wen (EN-certified)

  • USA: VT Industries (UL listings)

  • Asia: Chinsun (GB 12955 compliant)

  • Specialty: Zero International (historic building solutions)

9. Emerging Technologies

  • Transparent Wood: Fire-resistant laminated timber

  • Smart Seals: IoT-enabled expansion monitoring

  • Bio-Based Retardants: Non-toxic formulations

Key Consideration:
Wooden fire doors require 5-7% higher maintenance than steel counterparts due to:

  • Seasonal wood movement

  • Coating reapplication every 3-5 years

For project-specific compliance advice, consult:
[ ] Local building authority fire codes
[ ] Accredited testing laboratories
[ ] Historic preservation guidelines (if applicable)

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Technical Standards for Wooden Fire Doors

Posted on by Zhang Yulin

Technical Standards for Wooden Fire Doors (Wood Grain Finish) For manufacturers and suppliers looking to meet global fire safety standards, understanding the technical specifications of wooden fire doors is essential. As a leading Chinese fire door manufacturer, we are committed to providing high-quality products that adhere to the latest fire door regulations and offer aesthetic […]

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